Using the cursor tool, measure the frequency and the amplitude difference between the carrier and side bands. Am modulation and demodulation matlab answers matlab. Analysis and simulations of the effects of nonlinearity. Both simple multiplier type and nonlinear element type modulatorsdemodulators will be constructed. Digital communication delta modulation tutorialspoint.
The minimum sampling frequency is the minimum frequency at which the modulating waveform can be. The design of delta sigma ds analogtodigital converters adcs is approximately threequarters digital and onequarter analog. Noise and modulation experiments on cathodoluminescence from znsag h. The first discovered a method for amplifying very weak signals and basically developed the amplitude modulation technique.
Experiment 4 digital modulation ryerson university. For z 1 and z 2 to be two frequencies of 200 khz and 201 khz which are 1 khz apart, table 1 is showing the intermodulation products. In analog applications, the carrier frequency is varied in direct proportion to changes in the amplitude of an input signal. Performance of amplitude modulation 1, 2 we have seen that the a normal amplitudemodulated signal is given by. The first transmission however, was performed by fessenden in 1906 from brant rock, massachusetts. Tdm pulse amplitude modulationdemodulation trainer st2102. For this experiment you will supply your own delta modulated signal, using the modulator examined in the experiment entitled delta modulation. While this is the simplest technique available, it is nonlinear since. The student will learn the basic concepts of ssb modulation and using the theoretical knowledge of courses. The bit period tb 1rb is represented by 100 samples.
In this lab, you will investigate frequency modulation fm and its properties. Practical approach of producing delta modulation and. To miniaturize and enhance the performance of a variety type of switching mode inverters and converters, researchers have. For this third step, the incoming fm signal will be produced by the signal generator. St2105 kit with power supply cord cro with connecting probe, connecting cords. The process of modulation in a communication system increases its cost and complexity. One way to communicate a message signal whose frequency spectrum does not fall within that fixed frequency range, or one that is otherwise unsuitable for the channel, is to alter a transmittable signal according to the information in your message signal. Following is the block diagram of a delta modulator. An important feature of angle modulation is that it can provide better discrimination against noise and interference. Pulse code modulation has made it possible to transmit analog signals in digital form. The objective of this lab is to get familiarized with pulse code modulation. Small signal equivalent models from a signal point of view fet behaves like a voltage controlled current source device.
Delta modulation is a scheme to permit the use of a simple quantizing strategy for constructing the encoded signals which are oversampled purposely, to increase the correlation between adjacent samples of the signal, as seen in differential pulse code modulation method. Pulse code modulation pcm is a method of converting an analog signal into a digital signal ad conversion. Delta modulation lab experiment of digital communication. To generate amplitude modulation am waveform and to measure modulation index of am wave using waveform method. The number of signicant energy contained spectral lines, is limited, so we can use the fm nodulation, with nite bandwidth. Measure the peak values for the impulses obtained after modulation. The amplitude of the fm signal is constant at all times and is independent of the modulation signal.
Follow views last 30 days malek kashou on 26 dec 2012. The input is a baseband representation of the modulated signal. With the help of videos you can easily understand the concepts of dm. The amplitude of the modulation signal determines the amount of the frequency change from the center frequency. Delta modulation is process in which one bit per sample is assigned, unlike pcm. University of groningen perception of amplitude modulation with. Delta modulation, chapter notes, ppt, adc, semester, engineering computer science engineering cse notes edurev notes for computer science engineering cse is made by best teachers who have written some of the best books of computer science engineering cse. Delta modulation its block diagram and applications. The polmoeo is applicable to alloptical modulation format conversion from onoff keying to quadrature phase shift keying by combining it with a crossphase modulation based wavelength converter. Ask, fsk, and psk can be readily extended to multiple level mary signaling and demodulated coherently or noncoherently. Amplitude modulation using matlab free download as powerpoint presentation. Pcm and delta modulation cse 32, fall 2010 instructor.
Frequency modulation is a form of modulation, which represents information as variations in the instantaneous frequency of a carrier wave. Lab 6frequency modulation formal report required groups of two this lab will have you create and analyze some simple frequency modulated fm waveforms. In this experiment you will design an analog modulator and an analog demodulator. Request pdf 400gbitsch field demonstration of modulation format adaptation based on pilotaided osnr estimation using realtime dsp we describe a field experiment of. Information is conveyed by modulating some parameter of the pulses with a set of discrete instantaneous samples of the messages signal. In this method of modulation, the amplitude of the carrier wave is maintained constant. Build simple envelope detector for fm demodulation. The modulated carrier signal is sent to the receiver where demodulation of the carrier occurs to. Notice that the modulated carriers amplitude varies above and below its. Learn the concise history of amplitude modulation or am broadcasting technique. Amplitude modulation matlab ammod mathworks switzerland. Delta modulation quantizing noise analytical and computer. If you want to experiment with other sounds, try the following files. However, modulation is extensively used in most communication systems.
Delta modulation, chapter notes, ppt, adc, semester. Tdm pulse amplitude modulation demodulation trainer st2102. Instead, we shall determine and compare the performance of analogue modulation systems on the basis of signaltonoise ratio snr at the receiver input and output. Pdf investigation on tunable modulation index in the. Study of delta modulation and demodulation appratus. Pdf experiments 5,6 delta modulation and dpcm geetha. Dm is the simplest form of difference pulse code modulation dpcm where the difference between successive. The larger stepsize is needed in the steep slope of modulating signal and a smaller stepsize is needed where the message has a small slope. Angle modulation is a process in which the angle of the modulating sinusoidal carrier wave is varied according to the baseband signal. The sum of a message signal and a ramp signal are applied to a comparator or slicer.
To ensure accurate reproduction of an analog signal. Implimentation of delta sigma modulator simulink file. You should obtain a delta modulation utilities module, and read about it in the tims advanced modules user manual. In digital modulation, we come across certain problems in determining the stepsize, which influences the quality of the output wave. The specification for amplitude and frequency are given in the mfile. The baseband signal is to be transmitted to the receiver. Digital modulation ele 745 procedure in this experiment, the binary data rate rb is 1 kbps and peak modulated signal amplitude is 1 v. Amplitude modulation using matlab modulation amplitude. To study the methods of generating delta modulation signals and how to calculate the signal to noise ratiosn. This qualitative progress has only been possible, however, at relatively high costs. It also shows the result of amplitude modulating the carrier with the message.
The mfsk demodulator baseband block demodulates a signal that was modulated using the mary frequency shift keying method. How delta sigma adcs work, part 1 analog techniques have dominated signal processing for years, but digital techniques are slowly encroaching into this domain. Prelab theory a frequency modulation fm waveform can be represented mathematically by. Generation of modulated signals amplitudeshift keying ask a. Delta modulation communication lab delta experiment no5. Sc modulation, and demodulation techniques for analog communication. If the received carrier phase is assumed to be constant, each of the seven reference values will have to be shifted only once at the beginning of the simulation. Apr 28, 2020 delta modulation, chapter notes, ppt, adc, semester, engineering computer science engineering cse notes edurev is made by best teachers of computer science engineering cse. Dm is the simplest form of differential pulsecode modulation dpcm where the difference between successive samples are encoded into nbit data. The history of amplitude modulation bright hub engineering. Experiment the block diagram of figure 1 is modelled with a delta modulation utilities module, an adder, and both of the buffer amplifiers. Granular noise exists because the decoded output signal can assume only a specified number of levels in the range of interest.
As the sampling interval is reduced, the signal correlation will be higher. There are many methods of generating am, and this experiment explores only one of them. Delta modulation is a simplified form of dpcm technique, also viewed as 1bit dpcm scheme. The polmoeo is applicable to alloptical modulation format conversion from onoff keying to quadrature phase shift keying by combining it with a cross. The delta modulator comprises of a 1bit quantizer and a delay circuit along with two summer circuits. Jan 08, 2016 with the help of videos you can easily understand the concepts of dm. Practical approach of producing delta modulation and demodulation. Dm is the simplest form of differential pulsecode modulation dpcm where the difference between successive samples are encoded into nbit data streams. Build simple fm demodulator by using frequency discriminator. The input and output for this block are discretetime signals. Measure these values and discuss as to why we get such values. As an example of using gcc, consider the following main program sines. Sep 23, 2012 digital communication lab experiment 3. Two signals are involved in the modulation process.
A form of modulation in which a pulse train is used as the carrier. Experiment the block diagram of figure 1 was modelled in the experiment entitled delta modulation. Modulation is defined as superimposing of parameters of base band signal on carrier signal parameters of the carrier signal is varied in accordance with signal to be divided into two categories mainly as continuous wave modulation and pulse digital modulation. Ee department faculty of engineering alexandria university. The carrier signal and x have a sampling frequency fs. More than 50 million people use github to discover, fork, and contribute to over 100 million projects. This model assume short coming that drain current in saturation is independent of the drain voltage, we have learnt that in reality drain current depend on the vds in a linear manner and which is modeled by a finite. Delta modulation and demodulation computer science essay. An advanced simple configuration deltasigma modulation threephase inverter implementing space voltage vector approach. Experiment 7 miniproject exercise now its time to apply what youve learned and attempt to design a circuit to perform some assigned function. The frequency of the modulation signal determines the rate of the frequency change from the center frequency. Modulation is defined as a process by virtue of which, some characteristic of a high frequency sinusoidal wave is varied in accordance with the instantaneous amplitude of the baseband signal. The modulated signal has zero initial phase and zero carrier amplitude, so the result is suppressedcarrier modulation. Pwm and ppm may be generated as illustrated in fig.
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